Convert cutting speed, spindle speed and feed rate, then check practical starting ranges by ISO 513 workpiece material group.
Turning parameters
Milling parameters
Calculated results
Formula reference
- n = vc × 1000 / (π × D)
- vf = fn × n
- Q = ap × fn × vc
- Theoretical Ra:
How to use the calculator
- Enter known machining values.
- Leave calculated values blank where applicable.
- Use the results as a starting point and verify them against the insert manufacturer's cutting data.
Important Cutting conditions depend on insert grade, chipbreaker, workpiece material, machine rigidity, workholding and coolant conditions.
Starting ranges by material
Typical starting ranges for carbide indexable inserts. Always confirm the manufacturer recommendation for the exact grade and geometry.
Turning
| Material | ISO | Cutting speed vc (m/min) | Feed fn (mm/rev) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roughing | Semi-finishing | Finishing | Roughing | Semi-finishing | Finishing | ||
| Steel | P | 120 - 200 | 160 - 250 | 200 - 320 | 0.20 - 0.40 | 0.15 - 0.30 | 0.08 - 0.18 |
| Stainless steel | M | 80 - 150 | 110 - 180 | 140 - 220 | 0.18 - 0.35 | 0.12 - 0.25 | 0.07 - 0.15 |
| Cast iron | K | 90 - 170 | 120 - 200 | 150 - 250 | 0.20 - 0.40 | 0.15 - 0.30 | 0.08 - 0.18 |
| Non-ferrous | N | 300 - 800 | 400 - 900 | 500 - 1,200 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.10 - 0.25 | 0.06 - 0.15 |
| Heat-resistant alloys | S | 20 - 50 | 25 - 60 | 30 - 70 | 0.12 - 0.25 | 0.08 - 0.18 | 0.05 - 0.12 |
| Hardened steel | H | 40 - 90 | 60 - 120 | 80 - 150 | 0.10 - 0.22 | 0.07 - 0.15 | 0.04 - 0.10 |
Click a row to load its semi-finishing values into the calculator above.
Milling
| Material | ISO | Cutting speed vc (m/min) | Feed per tooth fz (mm) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roughing | Semi-finishing | Finishing | Roughing | Semi-finishing | Finishing | ||
| Steel | P | 120 - 200 | 160 - 250 | 200 - 320 | 0.08 - 0.20 | 0.05 - 0.12 | 0.03 - 0.08 |
| Stainless steel | M | 80 - 150 | 110 - 180 | 140 - 220 | 0.07 - 0.16 | 0.04 - 0.10 | 0.02 - 0.07 |
| Cast iron | K | 90 - 170 | 120 - 200 | 150 - 250 | 0.08 - 0.20 | 0.05 - 0.12 | 0.03 - 0.08 |
| Non-ferrous | N | 300 - 800 | 400 - 900 | 500 - 1,200 | 0.10 - 0.25 | 0.06 - 0.15 | 0.03 - 0.10 |
| Heat-resistant alloys | S | 20 - 50 | 25 - 60 | 30 - 70 | 0.04 - 0.10 | 0.03 - 0.07 | 0.02 - 0.05 |
| Hardened steel | H | 40 - 90 | 60 - 120 | 80 - 150 | 0.04 - 0.10 | 0.03 - 0.07 | 0.02 - 0.05 |
Click a row to load its semi-finishing values into the calculator above.
Typical depth-of-cut reference
- Finishing
- 0.1 - 0.5 mm
- Semi-finishing
- 0.5 - 2.0 mm
- Roughing
- 1.5 - 6.0 mm